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Intratumoral delivery of viruses and virus-associated molecular patterns can achieve antitumor effects that are largely mediated by the elicitation or potentiation of immune responses against the malignancy. Attenuated vaccines are approved and marketed as good manufactiring practice (GMP)-manufactured agents whose administration might be able to induce such effects. Recent reports in mouse transplantable tumor models indicate that the rotavirus, influenza and yellow fever vaccines can be especially suitable to elicit powerful antitumor immunity against cancer following intratumoral administration. These results highlight that intratumoral anti-infectious vaccines can turn cold tumors into hot, and underscore the key role played by virus-induced type I interferon pathways to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint-targeted antibodies.

Original publication

DOI

10.1136/jitc-2019-000443

Type

Journal article

Journal

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer

Publication Date

02/2020

Volume

8

Addresses

Inmunology and Immunotherapy department, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA) Avda Pio XII, 55 31008, Pamplona, Spain imelero@unav.es.

Keywords

Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Mice, Neoplasms, Disease Models, Animal, Interferon Type I, Cancer Vaccines, Vaccines, Attenuated, Viral Vaccines, Treatment Outcome, Immunotherapy, Injections, Intralesional, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Drug Repositioning, Tumor Microenvironment, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors