Monocyte Dysfunction, Activation, and Inflammation After Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in an African Cohort.
Nabatanzi R., Bayigga L., Cose S., Rowland Jones S., Joloba M., Canderan G., Nakanjako D.
BackgroundMonocyte dysfunction may persist during antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsFrozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected ART-treated adults with sustained viral suppression and CD4 counts ≥500 cells/µL were consecutively analyzed for monocyte phenotypes and function.ResultsNonclassical monocytes (CD14+, CD16++), interleukin (IL)-1β production, and expression of CD40 and CD86 were lower among ART-treated HIV-infected adults relative to age-matched HIV-negative adults (P = .01, P = .01, and P = .02, respectively). Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, IL6, and soluble CD14 were higher among HIV-infected adults relative to HIV-negative adults (P = .0002, P = .04, and P = .0017, respectively).ConclusionsFurther investigation is required to understand drivers of persistent monocyte activation and dysfunction.